A therapeutic diet for gastritis reduces discomfort and eliminates stomach pain caused by inflammation. Properly selected menu improves the effectiveness of therapeutic measures and normalizes digestion. Special food for gastritis of the stomach includes treatment tables No. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5. The choice of a particular menu depends on the acidity of the gastric juice and the duration of the disease.
Table number 1, 4, 5 is presented in several variations. In the number of the main diet, they are designated by letters and are used according to the severity of the symptoms, the period of the disease (acute, faded, chronic form).
Organizing the correct diet for gastritis means completely reviewing your diet, eliminating foods that irritate the gastric mucosa. In the presence of this disease, the emphasis is on steaming and boiled dishes. For any type of gastritis, it is forbidden to eat spicy, fried and fatty foods.
Healing diets for people with certain diseases were developed in 1929 by scientists. The dietary system includes 15 main tables with an indication of the options and periods of fasting.
Food for gastritis of the stomach is organized taking into account the rules:
- optimal temperature of the dishes;
- food intake should take place at the same time, meals should be fractionated, 5-6 times a day;
- it is not allowed to overeat;
- when choosing a diet, take into account concomitant diseases;
- alcohol, smoking is excluded;
- you should refuse smoked, pickled and spicy dishes;
- it is recommended to have dinner 2-3 hours before bedtime;
- it is necessary to chew food well;
- it is better to refrain from snacking on the run;
- drink liquids no earlier than 30 minutes after eating;
- boil the food well.
This regimen has a positive effect on the gastric mucosa and heals it. The menu for gastritis should be varied, include a sufficient amount of nutrients, vitamins and minerals. The patient does not need to starve.
List of medicines for gastritis
A therapeutic diet for patients with gastritis necessarily implies the use of enveloping food, which restores damaged mucosal cells. Foods rich in vitamins of group B are welcome. By the way, in diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, there is a deficiency of these vitamins. Useful foods to eat for all forms of chronic gastritis:
- oatmeal - a source of fiber, antioxidants;
- vegetable oils - contain fatty acids, tocopherol;
- dairy products (if well tolerated, they do not cause swelling);
- fermented milk and beverage products - normalize intestinal function due to the high content of beneficial microorganisms that help maintain healthy immunity;
- ripe bananas - stimulate the production of protective mucus, are rich in B vitamins, magnesium;
- berries - better absorbed than fruits, with an increase in the production of secretory liquid, non-acidic varieties are chosen;
- white rice - has absorbent properties;
- potatoes - normalizes metabolism, raw vegetable juice is used for medicinal purposes.
Proper diet will help alleviate the condition in case of exacerbation and discomfort. The liquid improves intestinal motility and the functioning of the digestive system, dilutes excess acid in the stomach. The volume of clean water without gas should be at least 1. 5 liters per day.
Features of high acidity nutrition
The gastroenterologist prescribes a diet after ph-metry, a diagnostic procedure in which the acidity level of the gastric contents is measured. It is usually done during an endoscopy.
Symptoms of acid gastritis can include heartburn, pain in the ribs and between meals. When inflammation appears due to excessive production of secretory fluid, the menu of table number 1 is recommended.
To normalize acidity (pH level), the patient is prescribed a strict diet. Any indulgence in the menu can cause discomfort and pain.
The list of allowed products that restore the mucous membrane and reduce the acidity of the stomach are as follows:
- liquid porridge;
- lean soups;
- side dishes - mashed potatoes, boiled vegetables, durum wheat pasta, well boiled buckwheat, rice;
- lean meat and fish balls, meatballs;
- cheese;
- veal sausage;
- dairy product;
- sweet fruit, berries;
- stale bread, crackers;
- cheese casserole;
- jelly, souffle;
- for dessert - honey, marshmallows, jam, pitted raisins, dry biscuits.
The menu must include butter and vegetable oil. Main dishes of meat and fish during remission can be cooked in whole pieces. Vegetables are used only in boiled form.
Fresh onions and garlic irritate the inflamed mucosa, so they should not be eaten for gastritis. Boiled, these vegetables are allowed in small quantities.
Weak tea, rosehip decoction, milk jelly and dried fruit compote are considered the most useful drinks for people diagnosed with hyperacid gastritis.
What not to eat with gastritis
List of prohibited foods for gastritis:
- Salò;
- Ravioli;
- liver;
- mushrooms;
- margarine, spreads;
- Fast food;
- Rye bread;
- heavy cream;
- coffee;
- chocolate;
- spices;
- fresh fruit (except bananas, sweet apples, pears);
- radish;
- ice-cream;
- confectionery;
- baking;
- canned food;
- carbonated drinks;
- salty cheeses;
- Lollipop;
- marinades.
With an exacerbation of the disease, you should limit the use of pasta, seafood, seeds, nuts. If, in addition to inflammation of the stomach, there is still a disease of the liver, gallbladder, then eggs are used as components of dishes. Eating them separately, in the form of an omelette, is undesirable for a combination of gastrointestinal diseases.
Permitted foods for hyperacid gastritis
Treatment in combination with a therapeutic diet that excludes dishes that increase the production of secretory fluid in the stomach will help normalize the level of acidity.
Diet therapy significantly accelerates the healing process with superficial focal gastritis. In most cases, minor damage to the mucous membrane can be cured with the help of the medical menu and medications in 10-14 days. With deep lesions, it is recommended to eat properly throughout life.
List of foods that can be eaten for gastritis with high acidity:
- Flour products. It is allowed to eat yesterday's wheat flour bread, persistent cookies.
- Cereals. The most beneficial for the stomach are rice, buckwheat, oatmeal.
- Mashed vegetables. It is recommended to prepare salads with grated vegetables.
- Egg. They must be well boiled. You need to eat eggs no more than 3 times a week.
- Dairy product. They neutralize excess stomach acid.
- Hard curd variety cheese.
- Low-fat meat. The most useful varieties for gastritis are turkey, rabbit.
- Low-fat sea and river fish. Cod, cod, pink salmon, flounder, hake, pike are suitable.
- Sweets. Allowed sweets include honey, jelly, marshmallow, jam, marshmallow. From cooking, you can curdle the saucepan.
- Natural mineral water.
Features of the diet for hypoacid gastritis
In people with low acidity, the digestion process slows down due to a lack of enzymes. Symptoms of this disease are poor appetite, weight loss, pale skin, vitamin deficiency.
Coarse food causes an exacerbation. People with a hypoacid form of gastritis are prohibited from using:
- peeled fruit;
- berries with seeds - raspberries, strawberries, gooseberries;
- pure milk.
The list of foods for gastritis with high acidity is about the same as that of the hyperacid form. There are also differences in the diet. With low acidity, it is allowed to use:
- sour fruits, vegetables and berries (citrus fruits also belong to this group);
- salted cucumbers;
- tomatoes;
- fruit juices.
Particular attention is paid to chopping food. It is recommended to take food in a quiet atmosphere, chew thoroughly. With low acidity, there may be intolerance to meat, milk, eggs. In this case, foods that cause discomfort are excluded from the diet in order not to provoke complications of gastritis.
To increase the level of acidity, they follow a diet based on increasing the production of gastric juice. Along with the allowed products, the doctor often prescribes to take digestive enzymes.
Diet with exacerbation of the disease
The menu is made on the basis of table number 1a. Restrictions are observed for 5-7 days. When the symptoms disappear, the diet is gradually expanded. If acute gastritis is accompanied by vomiting, diarrhea, the body needs more fluids. Water helps restore the water-salt balance. If the active phase of the disease is accompanied by pain and constipation, then table No. 1b.
Indicative menu of the dietary table 1B:
- 1st breakfast: steam omelette from 2 eggs, semolina milk porridge, milk.
- 2nd breakfast: milk.
- Lunch: Rice milk soup, steamed meat souffle with mashed potatoes, apple jelly.
- Afternoon snack: rosehip broth, crackers.
- Dinner: steamed ricotta soufflé, fruit jelly.
- At night: milk.
The diet for acute gastritis consists of liquid and ground meals that promote healing of the gastric mucosa:
- slimy soups with rice and oatmeal;
- steamed cutlets, souffle with minced meat;
- viscous porridge;
- jelly;
- weak tea
Features of table number 5
When gastritis is combined with cholecystitis, liver disease, the patient is advised to follow diet number 5. It is also prescribed for people with mild inflammation of the stomach. The diet restricts the use of foods rich in uric acid. The list of prohibited foods includes liver, yeast, canned fish, salmon, mushrooms, shrimp and mussels. The consumption of egg yolk should be limited.
Sample menu for chronic gastritis
Recipes for gastritis dishes include various foods with prolonged heat treatment. The easiest way to adhere to a special diet is to draw up an approximate menu in advance for the next week.
The daily dose of sugar is 20 g, bread - 250 g, butter - 20 g. The menu is designed for 6 meals. Of these, 3 main ones are breakfast, lunch, dinner and 2 snacks. For an afternoon snack, apples, pears, bananas, baked cookies are allowed. From drinks, rosehip infusion, compote are suitable. 2 hours before bedtime, drink a glass of milk or kefir.
Diet recipes
Most of the diet consists of liquid and chopped food. Recipes for the listed dishes are suitable not only for adults, but also for children. A therapeutic diet for gastritis allows the use of baked goods made from unleavened dough. The ideal option is cookies.
You need to eat regularly with gastritis, in small portions and avoid overeating.
For breakfast with gastritis, porridge is best. Cereals are boiled well and simmered under the lid for 10-15 minutes. Barley, barley and pea porridge are prohibited for gastritis. The dish must be viscous or liquid in order to have an enveloping effect.
The rice is poured into 400 ml of boiling water and cooked over low heat until the liquid is absorbed. Add 2 tablespoons of sugar, ½ teaspoon of salt to the porridge and slowly pour 400 ml of milk. Rice is boiled for 15-20 minutes. Cover the dish and leave for 5-10 minutes. Before serving, you can add a piece of butter to the porridge.
Soup recipes
First courses include vegetarian soups. Rich broths increase the production of secretory fluid, so they are prohibited for people with high stomach acid and ulcerative gastritis. The best options for the first course are the slimy rice soup and the vegetable puree soup.
To make oatmeal soup, you will need 0, 5 oat flakes, 600 ml of water, salt. Oatmeal is cooked for 10-15 minutes. Such a soup can be prepared with the addition of lleison, a mixture of milk and eggs. It is added at the end of cooking. Beat the egg and 200 ml of milk in a separate bowl. The finished soup is filtered through a sieve. After that, it is whipped with a whisk and brought to a boil again. Lezon is poured into a thin stream 5 minutes after the stove is turned off. In this case, the contents are constantly mixed to obtain a homogeneous mass.
Slimy rice soup can be made with milk.
Ingrediants:
- 55 g of cereals;
- 400 ml of milk;
- 150 ml of water;
- vegetable oil;
- salt;
- 2 teaspoons of sugar.
The rice is washed, boiled in water until half cooked. Then add milk, sugar, salt. Before serving, season with vegetable oil, crackers.
Dietary meals for gastritis include vegetable broths. For example, cauliflower soup. To prepare the broth you need a little onion, carrots, 200 g of cabbage. Vegetables are boiled for 15-20 minutes and then chopped with a blender. Bring the puree soup to a boil, add 10% cream and turn off the heat. Sprinkle the herbs on the finished dish.
Meat soufflé
The second courses are prepared with whole or minced meat. An alternative to steamed cutlets is the meat souffle. For cooking, take 300 g of beef. It can be replaced with a rabbit, chicken. It is better to refuse pork and lamb for gastritis. Fatty varieties provoke an exacerbation of chronic inflammation of the stomach.
The meat is boiled until tender and chopped. In a separate bowl, beat 2 egg yolks and a tablespoon of sour cream. The ingredients are mixed until a homogeneous mass is obtained with the addition of warm water, salted to taste. It is not recommended to use the water in which the meat was cooked, as the diet for gastritis excludes rich broths.
The mixture is spread in a greased butter mold. The remaining egg whites are beaten with a mixer until a stiff foam is obtained and added to the total mass. The soufflé is baked in the oven at 180 degrees until a light crust appears.
Meatballs
The fish cleaned of bones is passed through a meat grinder. Minced meat is combined with an egg, 1 tablespoon of flour, salt. From the resulting mixture, balls are formed. Fill the non-stick pan with ¼ part of water. The formed meatballs are immersed in boiling water and simmered over low heat for 25-30 minutes.
Vegetable stew
Ingrediants:
- cauliflower;
- Potato;
- onion;
- zucchini;
- carrot;
- salt;
- olive oil.
A little water is poured into the chopped onion and carrots on a grater and stewed. After 10 minutes, add the rest of the diced vegetables. The stew is stewed until soft. Cooking time 20-30 minutes. Olive oil is added to the vegetable stew before serving.
sweets
To make the rice pudding you will need:
- 100 g of rice and ricotta;
- 1 glass of milk;
- 1 glass of water;
- egg;
- 3 teaspoons of sugar;
- 4 tablespoons of 15% sour cream;
- a pinch of salt.
Groats are boiled in water with milk and salt, rubbed until smooth. Then add the rest of the ingredients, except the sour cream and mix thoroughly. The pudding is cooked in a greased pan in a double boiler. The finished dish is eaten with sour cream.
Fruit jelly can be made with jam, water and jelly, following the proportions indicated on the package. To prepare the dessert you will need 2 glasses of jam, 200 ml of water, 5 teaspoons of powder. Water with gelatin is placed in a water bath and heated to a liquid state, jam is added. The contents are thoroughly mixed and distributed in the molds. The gelatine is placed in the refrigerator for 2 hours to thicken.
Oven
Butter paste should be excluded during the therapeutic diet for gastritis. Authorized baked goods can be allowed during the remission period no more than 1-2 times a week. Bakes, cookies and oatmeal cookies will become a substitute for sandwiches for stomach ailments. Low-fat pancakes, baked pies, and cheese pies are also allowed.
Hercules biscuits:
- 200 g of chopped flakes;
- 200 g of berry puree;
- 40 g of dried apricots or raisins;
- Coconut flakes.
All ingredients are mixed and formed into flat balls. Bake on a baking tray at 180 degrees for 30 minutes. It is recommended to cover the form with parchment paper.
How to cook jelly
Fresh berries and jam are perfect for making jelly. For 1 liter of drink you need 1 tablespoon of starch and 100 g of jam. Bring the water with the jam to a boil, strain. Starch is dissolved in 100 ml of cold liquid and poured into the resulting syrup. Kissel should be boiled over medium heat. In addition, it must be constantly mixed. The fire goes out after the appearance of foams on the surface of the gelatin.
Beverages
For compote, you need a ready-made mixture of plums, raisins, apples. Dried fruit is poured into the pan after the water boils. The cooking time is 15-20 minutes. You can make compote from apples, non-acidic berries.
Using healthy diet recipes, you can not only cure stomach ailments, but also lose weight by several kilos without harm to health.
The time to follow a therapeutic gastritis diet will depend on the severity of the symptoms and the degree of inflammation. As a rule, it is recommended by the attending physician. The diet tables menu is used to treat and prevent exacerbations of diseases of the gastrointestinal tract. Proper nutrition will help eliminate unpleasant symptoms, pain and discomfort in the stomach.